"Mokokotlo, oela morao" ke nako e khutšoanyane ea Letsatsi la Letsatsi la Saving (DST), leano le teng linaheng tse ngata tse ikemiselitseng ho boloka matla le ho etsa ts'ebeliso e molemo ea motšehare. Empa phello e rarahaneng ke efe ea ho beha khatello ea nako ea 'mele ea rona, ka bophelo bo botle le bophelo bo botle?
Histori ea DST
E qalileng nakong ea Ntoa ea I ea Lefatše ho pholosa matla bakeng sa ho hlahisa, Nako ea ho Boloka Letsatsi la Letsatsi e ne e ameha ho tsamaisa hora e le 'ngoe ka nako ea Standard Standard ka March, ho sebelisa monyetla oa motšehare mantsiboea.
Nakong ea hoetla, lioache li khutlisetsoa morao hora (ho khutlela ho Standard Time), ho ba le motšehare o moholo hoseng likhoeling tsa mariha. Le hoja ho khomarela Nako ea Letsatsi la Letsatsi e ne e le letheba ka lilemo tse ngata, lichaba tse seng kae li se li sebelisa ts'ebetsong ea selemo. Europe, morero ona o bitsoa Europe Summer Time. Ka lebaka la tšepo ea ho fumana chelete e eketsehileng, ka 2005 United States e ile ea laela ho eketsa nako ea Letsatsi la Saving Time ka libeke tse 'nè, e lieha ho khutlela morao ho tloha ka November.
Ba ts'ehetsang ho fetisetsa lihora ka nako e telele - ho atolosa motšehare ho fihlela mantsiboeeng - ba pheha khang ea hore e khothalletsa bophelo bo botle ho bana le ho batho ba baholo, ka ho fa menyetla e mengata ea boikhathollo le ea boipheliso ka ntle.
Bothata ba ho robala le Bophelo ba kelello
Le hoja tahlehelo ea hora e le 'ngoe kapa ho fumana boroko e ka' na ea bonahala e le nyenyane, ho na le bopaki ba hore ho fetola nako ea nako e lekana le sebaka se le seng ho ka ba le liphello tse fapa-fapaneng boemo ba rona ba kelello, haholo-holo ho batho ba kotsing ea ho tepella maikutlong.
Ka mohlala, tlhahlobo ea data ea Australia ho tloha ka 1971-2001 e fumane keketseho ea banna ba ipolaeang ka mor'a ho fetoha ha nako ea selemo ho Letsatsi la Saving Time, ho bapisoa le selemo kaofela. Phuputso ea 2008, e hatisitsoeng ka Boroko le Liphoso tsa Likokoana-hloko , e fana ka maikutlo a hore phello e ka bakoa ke ho lahleheloa ke boroko le ho tsieleha litabeng tsa 'boroko / nako ea potoloho, kapa pina ea circadian .
Bafuputsi ba boetse ba qotsa litlaleho tse fetileng tsa lihlopha tse ngata tsa mafahla - moo lefahla le leng le nang le bothata ba ho ferekana kelellong - ho bonts'oa kotsing e kholo ea liphetoho tsa selemo ka maikutlo a mafahla a amehileng.
Likotsi Tsa Sephethephethe Ka mor'a ho Fetoha ha Nako Nakong ea Selemo
Liphuputso tse 'maloa li bontšitse hore likotsi tsa likoloi li tsoha kapele ka mor'a hore letsatsi la Letsatsi la ho Boloka Letsatsi le qale ka March, ho bolela hore keketseho ea bakhanni ba robalang e tšoeroe ke ho lahleheloa ke nako ea ho koala hora. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho liphuputso tsohle tsa lipatlisiso tse tsitsitseng. Ka mohlala, tlhahlobo ea 2007 e phatlalalitsoeng ho BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy e ile ea hlahloba liphello tsa nakoana le tsa nako e telele tsa likotsi tsa sephethephethe, tsa ho fetola nako ea Letsatsi la ho Boloka Letsatsi nakong ea selemo. Bafuputsi, ba tsoang ho RAND Corporation, ba ile ba hlahloba dintlha tsa US crash ka lilemo tse 28, ho tloha ka 1976 ho ea ho 2003. Lintho tse fumanoeng? Ho tsamaisa oache ka pele ha hoa ka ha e-ba le phapang e khōlō ho palo ea likotsi tsa likoloi ka nako e khutšoanyane. Leha ho le joalo, ho ile ha fumanoa phokotso e nyenyane ea nako e telele, ho e-na le likotsi tse peli tse tsamaeang le ba tsamaeang ka maoto (tlase ho 8-11%), le tse amanang le likoloi tse ling (6-10%).
Ho Etsahala'ng ha Clock e Khutlela?
Ho khutlela Nako e Tloaelehileng nakong ea hoetla ho fa batho nako e eketsehileng ea ho robala , empa ho ea ka ts'ebetso ea baprofesa ba babeli ba tsoang Carnegie Mellon University e Pittsburgh, PA, ho fetoha ho ka ba kotsi-bonyane, bakeng sa ba tsamaeang ka maoto.
Baprofesa Paul Fischbeck le David Gerard ba qapile boitsebiso bo pharaletseng ba lipalo-palo tsa sephethephethe 'me ba fetisitse boitsebiso ba bona mekhatlong e' maloa ea mekhatlo ea US. Li ne li bapisoa le likotsi tsa sephethephethe ho pholletsa le US ka likhoeli tsa October, le tse ling ka November. Le hoja ho ne ho se ho qhoqhoa ha likoloi ho fumanoe likoloi, keketseho e tebileng - hoo e batlang e le tharollo - e ne e bonoa ke ho bolaoa ha maoto pakeng tsa 5 hora ea bobeli le hora ea bo 6 mantsiboea, libeke tse latelang ho fetoha ha nako. Nakong ea pakeng tsa 1999 le 2005, ka karolelano batho ba bang ba 37 ba bolailoeng ke maoto ba ile ba e-ba teng ka hora ea 6 mantsiboea ka khoeli, ho bapisoa le khoeling e fetileng.
Fischbeck e fana ka maikutlo a hore ho na le ho hloka letsatsi. O re ho 'na: "Batho ha ba tloaele ho tsamaea lefifing. "Lejoe lena le mpe ka ho fetisisa libeke tse peli ka mor'a hore nako e fetohe, ebe e khutlela morao ka December ho ea maemong a tloaelehileng."
Nakong ea selemo, Fischbeck o re, se fapaneng ke 'nete: ho na le likotsi tse ngata tsa sephethephethe nakong ea hora ea ho potlakisa hoseng ka mor'a hore letsatsi la Letsatsi la Sira le qalisoe hobane batsamai ba pele ba boetse ba le lefifing. Dintlha tsa hae li bonts'a hore ts'oaetso ea batho ba tsamaeang ka maoto nakong ea selemo e ka tlaase ho feta ho phahama ha batho ba shoang nakong ea hora ea potlako ka mor'a nako ea November.
U lokela ho etsa eng lipalo-palo tsee? Ho bonahala eka 'mele ea rona e nka nako e telele ho fetola nako ea nako ea selemo, ho feta lirapa tsa matsoho. Hlokomela ho robala ka ho lekaneng linakong tsena tsa selemo, 'me u sheba litsela tse peli, pele u tšela tsela ka hora e potlakileng.
Lisebelisoa:
M Lambe. (2000) Ho fetoha ho tloha ho tloha ka nako ea ho boloka letsatsi le ho senyeha ha koloi. Tlhahlobo ea Likotsi le Thibelo 32: 4, 609-611.
Mayer Hillman. "Mantsiboea a mangata, bophelo bo ntlafetseng: ke hobane'ng ha re sa lokela ho beha lihora morao mafelo-beke?" BMJ 2010; 34.
Michael Berk, Seetal Dodd, Karen Hallam, Lesley Berk, John Gleeson, Margaret Henry. "Liphetoho tse nyenyane ka lipina tsa diurnal li amahanngoa le keketseho ea ho ipolaea: Phello ea ho boloka motšehare." Boroko le Mekhoa ea Likokoana-hloko 2008; 6: 22-25.
Paul Fischbeck. Moprofesa oa Sechaba le Boqapi Sciences / Boenjiniere le Leano la Sechaba. Univesithing ea Carnegie Mellon. Puisano ea botho November 5, 2012.
Sood, Neeraj le Ghosh, Arkadipta. "Liphello tse khutšoanyane le tsa nako e telele tsa Letsatsi la ho Boloka Letsatsi la Letsatsi ka ho Shoella Likoloi Tsa Likoloi. The BE Journal ea Economic Analysis & Policy. ISSN 1935-1682, 02/2007, Buka ea 7, Khaolo ea 1, leq. 11.