Ho Phekola Bothata ba Thyroid ea Matšoao a Feteletseng
Ho na le lithethefatsi tse ngata tsa qoqotho tse sebelisetsoang ho sebelisoa li- endocrinology , tse khethehileng tsa bongaka tse sebetsanang le maloetse a li-gland le lihomone. Lithethefatsi li ka senyeha ka ho feletseng ke boemo boo ba bo etselitsoeng ho bo tšoara, e leng:
- Hyothyroidism , eo lesela la qoqotho le sa hlahiseng hormone ea qoqotho e lekaneng
- Hyperthyroidism , eo ho eona qoqotho ea qoqotho e hlahisang hormone e ngata ea qoqotho
Tšoelesa ea qoqotho ke sebōpeho se entsoeng ka serurubele se karolong e ka tlaase ea molaleng ka pel'a sepakapaka. Karolo ea qoqotho ea qoqotho ke ho hlahisa lihomone tsa thyroxine (T4) le triiodothyronine (T3) e laolang ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ho tloha moeeng oa mocheso le mocheso oa 'mele bakeng sa ho phefumoloha le nako ea mosali ea ho ea khoeling. Tsela leha e le efe e sa nepahaleng ea tlhahiso ea T3 kapaT4 e ka baka matšoao a amang mekhoa e le 'ngoe kapa tse ling tsa' mele 'me e theoha ka matla ho tloha bofokoling ho isa boemong bo fokolisang.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, kankere ea qoqotho e na le sesosa sa 11 se tloaelehileng haholo sa kankere United States, se amang batho ba fetang 55 000 ba Maamerika le ho bolaea batho ba fetang 2 000 selemo le selemo, ho latela tlaleho e tsoang American Cancer Society.
Lithethefatsi Tse Nkiloeng ho Tšoara Hypothyroidism
Lithethefatsi tsa li-hormone tsa qoqotho li sebelisoa ho tšoara hypothyroidism. Ba sebetsa ka ho fetola lihomone tse ngata tseo qoqotho ea qoqotho e sitoang ho e hlahisa kapa ha qoqotho e tšoaroa ka radioactively kapa e ntšoa opereishene.
Hyspothyroidism e ka bakoa ke maemo a 'maloa a kenyeletsang ho haelloa ke iodine, boloetse ba Hashimoto (boloetse bo ikemetseng), phekolo ea kankere, kapa ho tlosoa ha karolo e itseng kapa e feletseng ea qoqotho ea thyroid. E ka boela ea bakoa ke lefu la congenital leo ho lona lesela la qoqotho le sa sebetseng ka tsela e nepahetseng.
Meriana e meng e sebelisetsoang ho phekola hypothyroidism e kenyelletsa:
- Cytomel (liothyronine) ke phetolelo ea T3
- Levothyroxine , mofuta o entsoeng oa T4 o rekisoang tlas'a mabitso a brand Synthroid, Levoxyl, Unithroid, le Tirosint
- Tšoero ea tlhaho e entsoeng ka tlhaho e entsoeng ka qoqotho e entsoeng ka kolobe
Lithethefatsi Tse Nkiloeng ho Tšoara Hyperthyroidism
Li-anti-thyroid li sebelisoa ho phekola hyperthyroidism. Ba sebetsa ka ho thibela qoqotho ea qoqotho hore e se ke ea noa iodine e hlokahalang ho etsa lihomone tsa qoqotho.
Hyperthyroidism e ka bakoa ke lefu la Grave (mofuta o mong oa lefu la ho itšireletsa ha motho ka mong), lefu la qoqotho le se nang kankere, ho ruruha ha qoqotho ( thyroiditis ), le planditary gland (e sebetsang ka mokhoa o fokolang ). Ho feta moo, karolo ea lefu la Hashimoto e ka boela ea baka hyperthyroidism ka tsela e tšoanang le e bakang hypothyroidism.
Hona joale ho na le lithethefatsi tse peli tse amoheloang bakeng sa ho phekola hypothyroidism US:
- Tapazole (methimazole)
- Propylthiouracil , e bolokiloeng ka ho khetheha ho phekola bothata ba qoqotho
Lithethefatsi Tse Nkiloeng ho Tšoara Kankere ea Thyroid
Ntle le ho phekola ho se leka-lekane ha li-hormone, ho na le lithethefatsi tse ling tse sebelisoang ho tšoara kankere ea qoqotho. Ho na le mefuta e mene e sa tšoaneng ea kankere ea qoqotho , e meng ea eona e ka phekolehang ho feta e meng.
Kalafo ea litsela e fapana empa e atisa ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse ngata tse sebelisoang bakeng sa likarolo tse ling tsa kankere, ho akarelletsa:
- Adriamycin (doxorubicin hydrochloride)
- Caprelsa (vandetanib)
- Cometriq (cabozantinib-S-malate)
- Lenvima (lenvatinib mesylate)
- Nexavar (sorafenib tosylate)
Moriana o mong o tsejoang e le Thyrogen (thyrotropin alfa) o sebelisoa ho batho ba tšoeroeng ke kankere ea qoqotho pele ho tlosoa ha iodine ea radioactive . E boetse e sebelisoa ho ba tšoaroang bakeng sa kankere pele ba hlahlojoa. Joaloka mofuta o entsoeng oa hormone ea qoqotho (stimulating hormone) (Thyroid) , Thyrogen e ka netefatsa hore e nepahetse ka 'mele eohle ntle le ho baka hypothyroidism.
> Mehloli:
> Mokhatlo oa Kankere oa Amerika. "Lipalo-palo Tsa Motsoako oa Kankere ea Thyroid." Atlanta, Georgia; e ntlafalitsoeng ka la 6 January, 2017.
> Ross, D .; Burch, H .; Cooper, D. le al. "Li-Guidelines tsa 2012 tsa American Thyroid Association bakeng sa Tlhahlobo le Tsamaiso ea Hyperthyroidism le Mabaka a mang a Thyrotoxicosis." THYROID . 2016; 26 (10): 1343-421. DOI: 10.1089 / thy.2016.0229.
> McAninch, E. le Bianco, A. "Histori le Nakong ea Tlhahlobo ea Hypothyroidism." Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (1): 50-56. NA: 10.7326 / M15-1799.
> Mokhatlo oa Kankere ea Sechaba: Mekhatlo ea Sechaba ea Bophelo. "Lithethefatsi Tse Amoheletsoeng Kankere ea Thyroid." Bethesda, Maryland; e ntlafalitsoeng ka la 12, 2015.