Lithethefatsi li loantšetsoa ke Mehato ea Liketso le Lipakane tsa Tšebeliso
Corticosteroids e bua ka sehlopha sa lithethefatsi se sebelisetsoang ho phekola ramatiki ea ho ruruha le maemo a mang a ho ruruha. Kaha hangata li bitsoa "steroids," hangata batho ba lumela hore li tšoana le anabolic steroids tse sebelisoang ho matlafatsa matla le ho sebetsa hantle.
Kakaretso
Lentsoe "steroid" ke lentsoe le selelele le sebelisetsoang ho hlalosa ntho leha e le efe e nang le mohaho o itseng oa limolek'hule (o nang le mehele e mene e entsoeng ka liathomo tse 17).
Mosebetsi oa li-steroid ke ho boloka botšepehi ba sele ea sele kapa ho etsa hore motho a amohele sekala ka holim'a sele hore a laole tsela eo e sebetsang ka eona.
Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea steroid e fumanoang tlhahong, e arohanngoa ka hohle e le:
- Lik'hemik'hale tsa thobalano, ho akarelletsa estrogen, progesterone le testosterone
- Corticosteroids, ho akarelletsa le glucocorticoids (e kang cortisol) e laolang tšebetso ea ho itšireletsa mafung le mineralocorticoids (e kang aldosterone) e laolang ho leka-lekana ha electrolyte
- Li-secosteroids tse kang vithamine D e thusang ho laola mesebetsi e mengata ea likokoana-hloko
- Li-neurosteroids tse kang DHEA tse thusang ho qalisoa ha lihomone tsa banna le tsa basali
- Li-sterols tse kang k'holeseterole e thusang ho boloka leseli la lisele
Anabolic Steroids
Steroids ea li-anabolic ke mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea tlhaho ea bongata ba li-hormone (androgens). Li sebelisetsoa ho ntšetsa pele ho hōla ha mesifa ea mesifa (ea anabolic effect) le nts'etsopele ea litšoaneleho tsa thobalano tsa banna (phello ea androgenic).
Li-steroid tsa anabolic li fumaneha ka lengolo la ngaka 'me li sebelisetsoa ho phekola maemo a fanang ka litekanyo tse sa tloaelehang tsa testosterone ( hypogonadism ). Lisosa li ka kenyeletsa maqeba a sa rateheng, kotsi ea testicle, hemochromatosis (tšepe e feteletseng maling), mafu a pituitary, maloetse a bakoang ke ho ruruha, botenya, le tšoaetso ea HIV e tsoetseng pele .
Ka lebaka la phello ea bona ea li-anabolic, lithethefatsi li atisa ho hlekefetsoa ke baatlelete kapa batho ba batlang ho ntlafatsa ponahalo ea bona. Tlhekefetso ea nako e telele ea anabolic steroids e ka lebisa liphellong tse tebileng tsa bophelo, ho akarelletsa:
- E mahlahahlaha a maholo
- Ntlafatso ea lebese ho banna ( gynecomastia )
- Moriri oa sefahleho le oa 'mele o hōla ho basali (hirsutism)
- Khatello ea mali e phahameng
- Boikutlo bo tsotehang bo fetoha ("ho halefa")
- Boitšoaro ba batho
- Shrinkage ea mesifa
- Bohlopho ba banna ba banna le ba babeli
- Ho ea khoeling e sa tloaelehang
- Ho hloka thuso
- Ho khahla mahlo kapa letlalo (jaundice)
- Tendon e robehile
- Matšoafo a sebete kapa kankere
- Ho hōla ka thata mocha
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids e bua ka metsoako ea tlhaho e hlahisoang ke adrenal cortex kapa liphetolelo tsa maiketsetso tse khabisang mohaho oa tsona oa limolek'hule. Corticosteroids e sebetsa tsamaisong ea ' mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung ka ho thibela tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tse bakang likarabo tse fokolang le tse fokolang.
Lithethefatsi li ka fetisoa ka molomo, ka letsoho, ka lihlooho, kapa ka ente ea ho phekola maemo a joalo a bophelo bo botle joaloka ho kula, lefu la Crohn , lefu la ulcerative, ho kula ha motho (ho kang lefu la rheumatoid arthritis kapa lupus), mathata a mali (a kang lymphoma le leukemia), le kankere ea senya.
Lithethefatsi tsa corticosteroid tse atisang ho behoa US li kenyeletsa:
- Betamethasone
- Budesonide
- Cortisone
- Dexamethasone
- Hydrocortisone
- Methylprednisolone
- Prednisolone
- Prednisone
- Triamcinolone
Lithethefatsi li fumaneha tlas'a mabitso a marang-rang a fapaneng le li-formulations.
Melemo le Likotsi
Corticosteroids ke lithethefatsi tse matla tse ka fokotsang ho ruruha ka potlako ha ho ntse ho eketsa ho hlaphoheloa. Ha ho boleloa hore ho sebelisa meriana hampe ho ka baka litla-morao tse tebileng le tse ling tse ling tse fapanyetsanang, tse kenyeletsang:
- Phaello ea mafura
- Mahlahahlaha
- Bofokoli ba mesifa
- Ho fokotsa letlalo
- Ho boelloa ha mafura a 'mele (lipodystrophy)
- Tendon e robehile
- Hypertension
- Lefu la tsoekere
- Ho fokola ha masapo
- Mahlaseli
- Ho ba le tšoaetso e eketsehileng ho tšoaetso
- Lisoa tsa mala
- Ho tepella maikutlong
E le ho eketsa melemo, corticosteroids e laeloa ka tekanyo e tlase ka ho fetisisa e ka khonehang ka nako e khutšoanyane ho fihlela sepheo se setle ka ho fetisisa.
Haeba e sebelisetsoa nako e telele, lithethefatsi li tlameha ho fokotseha hanyane ka hanyane ho lumella lesela la adrenal hore le nke mosebetsi o tloaelehileng butle-butle. Ho khaotsa kapele ho ka fella ka matšoao a ho tlohela le mathata a ka 'nang a beha bophelo ba hau kotsing.
Lentsoe le Tsoang ho
Haeba moralo oa hau oa phekolo o akarelletsa tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa corticosteroid, kamehla ela hloko melemo le likotsi ka ngaka ea hau. Ho itšetlehile ka boemo bo botle ba bophelo bo botle, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le mekhoa e meng e ka fanang ka khatholoho e tšoanang le kotsi e tebileng haholo.
Qetellong, hangata ho molemo ho boloka corticosteroids hore e sebelise hamorao ha ho hlokahala hore lithethefatsi li be ngata haholo.
> Mehloli:
> Waljee, A .; Rogers, M .; Lin, P. le al. "Ho sebelisa nako e khutšoanyane ea molomo oa corticosteroids le liketso tse mpe tse amanang le batho ba baholo United States: thuto ea sehlopha se nang le baahi." BMJ. 2017; 357: j1415. DOI: & https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j1415.
> Yu, J.; Bonnerud, P .; Eriksson, A. le al. "Liphello tsa Nako e telele ea ho Fana ka Likokoana-hloko tsa Androgen Steroids ea Skeletal Muscle." PLoS ONE. 2014; 9 (9): e105330. SEO: 10.1371 / koranta.pone.0105330.